The BMW 3 Series Sedan (E30) 316, producing 89 horsepower, was an entry-level variant of the groundbreaking E30 generation, produced from 1982 to 1987. Positioned as the most accessible model in the 3 Series lineup, it offered BMW’s renowned driving dynamics in a more affordable package. The 316 played a crucial role in establishing the E30 as a benchmark for compact executive cars, particularly in Europe, where it was a popular choice for private buyers and company car fleets. While not initially sold in the United States, the E30’s overall success paved the way for BMW’s strong presence in the American market.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | BMW |
| Model | 3 Series |
| Generation | 3 Series Sedan (E30) |
| Type (Engine) | 316 (89 Hp) |
| Start of production | 1982 |
| End of production | 1987 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (economy) – urban | 10.9 l/100 km (21.6 US mpg) |
| Fuel consumption (economy) – extra urban | 6.6 l/100 km (35.6 US mpg) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 11.2 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 11.2 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 10.6 sec |
| Maximum speed | 175 km/h (108.74 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 11.3 kg/Hp |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 7.2 kg/Nm |
| Power | 89 Hp @ 5500 rpm |
| Power per litre | 50.4 Hp/l |
| Torque | 140 Nm @ 4000 rpm (103.26 lb.-ft. @ 4000 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | M10B18 |
| Engine displacement | 1766 cm3 (107.77 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 89 mm (3.5 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 71 mm (2.8 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 9.5:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Carburettor |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | SOHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 4 l (4.23 US qt | 3.52 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 6 l (6.34 US qt | 5.28 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1010 kg (2226.67 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1460 kg (3218.75 lbs.) |
| Max load | 450 kg (992.08 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 404 l (14.27 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 55 l (14.53 US gal | 12.1 UK gal) |
| Max. roof load | 75 kg (165.35 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load with brakes (12%) | 1200 kg (2645.55 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load without brakes | 500 kg (1102.31 lbs.) |
| Length | 4325 mm (170.28 in.) |
| Width | 1645 mm (64.76 in.) |
| Height | 1380 mm (54.33 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2570 mm (101.18 in.) |
| Front track | 1407 mm (55.39 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1415 mm (55.71 in.) |
| Front overhang | 761 mm (29.96 in.) |
| Rear overhang | 994 mm (39.13 in.) |
| Drag coefficient (Cd) | 0.35 |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the rear wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 4 gears, manual transmission |
| Front suspension | Coil spring |
| Rear suspension | Coil spring |
| Front brakes | Disc |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Tires size | 175/70 R14 |
| Wheel rims size | 14 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the 316 was the M10B18 engine, a 1.8-liter inline-four cylinder unit. This engine was a further development of BMW’s long-running M10 family, known for its robustness and relatively simple design. Unlike later BMW engines, the M10B18 utilized a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) valvetrain operating two valves per cylinder. Fuel delivery was managed by a Solex carburetor, a technology becoming increasingly outdated by the mid-1980s but contributing to the 316’s lower cost. The engine produced 89 horsepower at 5500 rpm and 140 Nm (103 lb-ft) of torque at 4000 rpm. The engine was mounted longitudinally in the front of the car, driving the rear wheels. The standard transmission was a four-speed manual gearbox, although a three-speed automatic transmission was offered as an option.
Driving Characteristics
The 316, particularly with the manual transmission, offered a balanced driving experience. While not overtly powerful, the engine provided sufficient torque for everyday driving, and the car’s relatively light weight (around 2227 lbs) contributed to nimble handling. The automatic transmission, while offering convenience, noticeably dulled performance. Acceleration from 0 to 60 mph took around 10.6 seconds, making it slower than the 318i and 320i models. The gear ratios in the automatic were spaced to prioritize fuel economy over outright acceleration. The rear-wheel-drive layout and well-tuned suspension provided a responsive and engaging feel, characteristic of BMWs of the era.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 316 was typically equipped with a relatively basic level of trim, reflecting its entry-level positioning. Standard features included cloth upholstery, steel wheels, and a simple dashboard layout. Optional extras included power windows, central locking, a sunroof, and upgraded audio systems. Interior color schemes were typically conservative, with shades of grey and blue being common. The 316 did not offer the same level of luxury appointments as the higher-spec 320i or 325i models.
Chassis & Braking
The E30 316 utilized a MacPherson strut front suspension and a semi-trailing arm rear suspension. This setup provided a good balance of ride comfort and handling precision. Brakes were disc brakes at the front and drum brakes at the rear, a cost-saving measure for the base model. Stabilizer bars were fitted to both the front and rear axles to reduce body roll during cornering. The steering was a recirculating ball system, providing a direct and communicative feel.
Market Reception & Comparison
The 316 was generally well-received by automotive critics, who praised its handling and build quality. However, the engine’s lack of power was often cited as a drawback, particularly when compared to the more potent 318i and 320i models. Fuel economy was respectable for the time, averaging around 35.6 US mpg on the highway. The 316 offered a more affordable entry point into BMW ownership, appealing to buyers who prioritized driving dynamics over outright performance. Compared to rivals like the Mercedes-Benz 190E and Audi 80, the 316 offered a more engaging driving experience.
Legacy
The E30 316, while not the most sought-after variant, remains a popular classic car today. The M10B18 engine is known for its durability, although age and maintenance are key factors in long-term reliability. Rust can be a significant issue, particularly in vehicles that have spent time in harsh climates. The 316’s relative affordability and simple mechanicals make it an attractive option for enthusiasts looking to experience the classic BMW driving experience without breaking the bank. Well-maintained examples are increasingly collectible, and the car continues to be enjoyed by enthusiasts around the world.
