The Mercedes-Benz W116 series, produced from 1972 to 1978, represented a significant leap forward in luxury and engineering for the German automaker. The 450 SE, introduced in 1973, was a key variant within the lineup, positioned as a high-end offering powered by a robust V8 engine and paired exclusively with an automatic transmission. It served as a direct successor to the W108/W109 series and laid the groundwork for the subsequent S-Class generations. The 450 SE was a flagship vehicle intended for discerning buyers who prioritized comfort, prestige, and performance.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Mercedes-Benz |
| Model | S-class |
| Generation | S-class SE (W116) |
| Type (Engine) | 450 SE V8 (217 Hp) Automatic |
| Start of production | January, 1972 |
| End of production | April, 1978 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (combined) | 14.5 l/100 km (16.2 US mpg, 19.5 UK mpg, 6.9 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 9.3 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 9.3 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 8.8 sec |
| Maximum speed | 210 km/h (130.49 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 8 kg/Hp, 125.4 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 4.8 kg/Nm, 208.1 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 217 Hp @ 5000 rpm |
| Power per litre | 48 Hp/l |
| Torque | 360 Nm @ 3250 rpm (265.52 lb.-ft. @ 3250 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | M 117 E 45 / 117.986 |
| Engine displacement | 4520 cm3 (275.83 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 8 |
| Engine configuration | V-engine |
| Cylinder Bore | 92 mm (3.62 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 85 mm (3.35 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 8.8:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Multi-port manifold injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | SOHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 9 l (9.51 US qt | 7.92 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 14 l (14.79 US qt | 12.32 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1730 kg (3814 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 2250 kg (4960.4 lbs.) |
| Max load | 520 kg (1146.4 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 530 l (18.72 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 96 l (25.36 US gal | 21.12 UK gal) |
| Length | 4960 mm (195.28 in.) |
| Width | 1870 mm (73.62 in.) |
| Height | 1425 mm (56.1 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2860 mm (112.6 in.) |
| Front track | 1521 mm (59.88 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1505 mm (59.25 in.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the rear wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 3 gears, automatic transmission |
| Front suspension | Double wishbone |
| Rear suspension | Threaded twist beam |
| Front brakes | Ventilated discs |
| Rear brakes | Disc |
| Steering type | Cone worm with recirculation balls |
| Power steering | Hydraulic Steering |
| Tires size | Front wheel tires: 205/70 R14 Rear wheel tires: 205/70 R14 |
| Wheel rims size | Front wheel rims: 6.5J x 14 Rear wheel rims: 6.5J x 14 |
INTRODUCTION
The 450 SE was the top-of-the-line W116 model when it debuted, representing the pinnacle of Mercedes-Benz engineering and luxury at the time. Production spanned from 1973 to 1978, and it was built on the 116 chassis platform, known for its robust construction and advanced (for the era) safety features. The “SE” designation stood for “Sonderausstattung” (Special Equipment), indicating a higher level of standard features and refinement compared to the base models. The 450 SE was primarily marketed towards affluent buyers in Europe, North America, and other key international markets.
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the 450 SE was the M117 E 45 engine, a 4.5-liter (4520 cc) naturally aspirated V8. This engine featured a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) design with two valves per cylinder. The M117 was known for its smooth operation and durability. Fuel delivery was handled by a Bosch K-Jetronic multi-port fuel injection system, a sophisticated system for its time that improved fuel efficiency and reduced emissions compared to carburetors. The engine produced 217 horsepower at 5000 rpm and 360 Nm (265.52 lb-ft) of torque at 3250 rpm.
The engine was mated exclusively to a three-speed automatic transmission. This transmission, while not particularly advanced by modern standards, was designed for smooth and comfortable shifts, complementing the luxurious character of the vehicle. The transmission’s gear ratios were optimized for relaxed cruising and effortless acceleration, rather than outright performance.
Driving Characteristics
The 450 SE offered a driving experience focused on comfort and refinement. The automatic transmission provided seamless gear changes, and the V8 engine delivered ample power for effortless highway cruising and confident passing maneuvers. While the 0-60 mph time of around 8.8 seconds wasn’t particularly quick even in the 1970s, the 450 SE wasn’t designed for sporty driving. The emphasis was on a smooth, quiet ride and a sense of isolation from the road. Compared to the later 450 SLC (coupe) or potential future high-performance AMG variants, the 450 SE prioritized luxury over agility. The automatic transmission, while convenient, did result in some power loss compared to a manual transmission, which wasn’t offered on this model.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 450 SE came standard with a comprehensive list of features, befitting its flagship status. These included power-assisted steering, power-assisted brakes, central locking, electric windows, and a high-quality sound system. The interior was typically upholstered in leather, and wood trim adorned the dashboard and door panels. Optional extras included air conditioning, a sunroof, and a self-leveling suspension system. The 450 SE was often specified with premium options, further enhancing its luxurious appeal.
Chassis & Braking
The W116 chassis featured independent suspension all around, with double wishbones at the front and a threaded twist beam rear axle. This suspension setup provided a comfortable ride and good handling characteristics. The 450 SE was equipped with ventilated disc brakes at the front and solid disc brakes at the rear, providing adequate stopping power for the vehicle’s weight and performance. Power steering was standard, making maneuvering the large sedan relatively easy.
Market Reception & Comparison
The 450 SE was widely praised by automotive journalists for its luxurious interior, smooth ride, and powerful engine. It was considered a worthy competitor to other luxury sedans of the era, such as the Jaguar XJ and the Cadillac Fleetwood. However, some critics noted the relatively high fuel consumption and the somewhat dated three-speed automatic transmission. Compared to the smaller 280 SE, the 450 SE offered significantly more power and a more refined driving experience, but at a higher price point. The 450 SEL (long wheelbase version) provided even more rear passenger space, catering to a different segment of the luxury market.
Legacy
The Mercedes-Benz W116 450 SE remains a highly sought-after classic car today. The M117 V8 engine is known for its durability and relatively simple maintenance requirements, although parts availability can be a challenge. Well-maintained examples command high prices in the collector car market. The W116 series, and the 450 SE in particular, is remembered as a landmark vehicle that established the S-Class as the benchmark for luxury sedans. Its influence can still be seen in modern Mercedes-Benz vehicles, which continue to prioritize comfort, refinement, and technological innovation.
