The Mercedes-Benz S-Class SEL (V116) 450 SEL, produced from November 1975 to April 1978, represented the pinnacle of German luxury sedans during its era. Part of the long-wheelbase “SEL” variant of the W116 series, the 450 SEL was distinguished by its increased rear legroom and emphasis on passenger comfort. It served as a flagship model, appealing to executives, dignitaries, and those seeking a supremely refined motoring experience. The V116 platform, succeeding the W108/W109, introduced significant advancements in safety and engineering, setting new standards for the luxury car segment. This particular 450 SEL configuration, equipped with the 4.5-liter V8 engine and a three-speed automatic transmission, was a popular choice for buyers prioritizing effortless performance and convenience.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Mercedes-Benz |
| Model | S-class |
| Generation | S-class SEL (V116) |
| Type (Engine) | 450 SEL V8 (217 Hp) Automatic |
| Start of production | November, 1975 |
| End of production | April, 1978 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Sedan |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 4 |
| Fuel consumption (combined) | 14.5 l/100 km (16.2 US mpg, 19.5 UK mpg, 6.9 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Petrol (Gasoline) |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 9.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 9.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 9.4 sec |
| Maximum speed | 210 km/h (130.49 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 8.1 kg/Hp, 122.9 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 4.9 kg/Nm, 204 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 217 Hp @ 5000 rpm |
| Power per litre | 48 Hp/l |
| Torque | 360 Nm @ 3250 rpm (265.52 lb.-ft. @ 3250 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Longitudinal |
| Engine Model/Code | M 117 E 45 / 117.986 |
| Engine displacement | 4520 cm3 (275.83 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 8 |
| Engine configuration | V-engine |
| Cylinder Bore | 92 mm (3.62 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 85 mm (3.35 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 8.8:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Multi-port manifold injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | SOHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 9 l (9.51 US qt | 7.92 UK qt) |
| Coolant | 14 l (14.79 US qt | 12.32 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 1765 kg (3891.16 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 2285 kg (5037.56 lbs.) |
| Max load | 520 kg (1146.4 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 530 l (18.72 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 96 l (25.36 US gal | 21.12 UK gal) |
| Length | 5060 mm (199.21 in.) |
| Width | 1870 mm (73.62 in.) |
| Height | 1430 mm (56.3 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2960 mm (116.54 in.) |
| Front track | 1521 mm (59.88 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1505 mm (59.25 in.) |
| Drive wheel | Rear wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 3 gears, automatic transmission |
| Front suspension | Double wishbone |
| Rear suspension | Threaded twist beam |
| Front brakes | Ventilated discs |
| Rear brakes | Disc |
| Steering type | Cone worm with recirculation balls |
| Power steering | Hydraulic Steering |
| Tires size | Front wheel tires: 205/70 R14 Rear wheel tires: 205/70 R14 |
| Wheel rims size | Front wheel rims: 6.5J x 14 Rear wheel rims: 6.5J x 14 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the 450 SEL was the M117 E 45 engine, a 4.5-liter (4520 cc) naturally aspirated V8. This engine featured a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) design with two valves per cylinder. It utilized Bosch K-Jetronic multi-port fuel injection, a sophisticated system for its time that contributed to smooth power delivery and relatively good fuel efficiency for an engine of this size and era. The engine produced 217 horsepower at 5000 rpm and 360 Nm (265.52 lb-ft) of torque at 3250 rpm. The engine’s robust construction and over-engineering were hallmarks of Mercedes-Benz design. Paired with the engine was a three-speed automatic transmission, providing seamless gear changes and enhancing the car’s luxurious driving experience. This transmission was designed for comfort rather than outright performance, with relatively wide gear ratios.
Driving Characteristics
The 450 SEL Automatic offered a distinctly grand touring experience. While not a sports car, the V8 engine provided ample power for effortless cruising and confident overtaking. The automatic transmission, while lacking the responsiveness of a manual, contributed to a relaxed and refined driving style. Acceleration from 0 to 60 mph took approximately 9.4 seconds, and the car could reach a top speed of 210 km/h (130.49 mph). Compared to the six-cylinder 450 SEL models, the V8 offered significantly more power and torque, resulting in a more authoritative and refined driving experience. However, it came at the cost of increased fuel consumption. The automatic transmission, while convenient, did slightly diminish the engine’s potential compared to the available four-speed manual option.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 450 SEL was generously equipped as standard. Interior appointments included luxurious leather upholstery (often in shades of beige, brown, or black), wood trim on the dashboard and door panels, and power-adjustable front seats. Standard features also included power windows, central locking, and a high-quality sound system. Optional extras included air conditioning (almost universally specified), a sunroof, and upgraded audio systems. The long-wheelbase configuration provided exceptional rear passenger space, making it a popular choice for chauffeur-driven applications. The SEL trim level generally represented the highest level of luxury within the S-Class range.
Chassis & Braking
The V116 S-Class featured a robust chassis with independent suspension at the front (double wishbone) and a threaded twist beam rear suspension. This setup provided a comfortable ride, absorbing bumps and imperfections in the road effectively. Braking was handled by ventilated discs at the front and solid discs at the rear, providing adequate stopping power for the car’s weight and performance. Hydraulic power steering was standard, making maneuvering the large sedan relatively easy. The car rode on 6.5J x 14 inch wheels, typically fitted with 205/70 R14 tires.
Market Reception & Comparison
The 450 SEL was widely praised by automotive critics for its luxurious interior, smooth ride, and powerful engine. However, its fuel consumption was often cited as a drawback, particularly during the oil crises of the 1970s. Compared to the smaller, six-cylinder S-Class models, the 450 SEL offered a more refined and powerful driving experience, but at a higher price point. Its reliability was generally good, although the complex K-Jetronic fuel injection system could require specialized maintenance. The 450 SEL competed with other luxury sedans from brands like BMW, Jaguar, and Cadillac.
Legacy
The Mercedes-Benz V116 S-Class, and particularly the 450 SEL variant, remains a highly sought-after classic car today. The M117 engine is known for its durability and longevity, although regular maintenance is essential to keep it running smoothly. Well-maintained examples command high prices in the collector car market. The V116 S-Class is remembered as a landmark vehicle that set new standards for luxury, safety, and engineering excellence, solidifying Mercedes-Benz’s reputation as a premier automotive manufacturer. The 450 SEL, with its powerful V8 engine and refined driving experience, represents the ultimate expression of the V116’s grand touring capabilities.
