1987-1988 Mercedes-Benz S124 300 TD Turbo (143 Hp) 4MATIC Automatic

The Mercedes-Benz S124, the station wagon variant of the revered W124 generation, represents a pinnacle of automotive engineering from the late 1980s. Widely regarded as one of the last “over-engineered” Mercedes-Benz models, the W124 chassis earned a legendary reputation for its robustness, reliability, and uncompromising build quality. Within this distinguished lineup, the Mercedes-Benz S124 300 TD Turbo (143 Hp) 4MATIC Automatic, produced between September 1987 and September 1988, stood out as a technologically advanced and exceptionally capable offering. This particular model combined the practicality of a spacious five-door, five-seat station wagon with the efficiency of a turbocharged diesel engine and the pioneering traction of Mercedes-Benz’s 4MATIC all-wheel-drive system, making it a sophisticated choice for discerning buyers in its primary European market and a notable, albeit less common, presence in others.

The S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic: Positioning and Overview

At a time when all-wheel drive was still a relative novelty outside of dedicated off-road vehicles, the S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC offered a blend of luxury, utility, and all-weather performance that few competitors could match. It embodied Mercedes-Benz’s commitment to innovation and safety, setting new benchmarks for the premium segment. This variant occupied a mid-to-premium position within the S124 range, offering a significant step up in both price and technology compared to the base model 250 TD, but remaining below the flagship 300 TE. Its brief production window makes it a particularly interesting and sought-after classic today, a testament to its enduring design and mechanical integrity.

Powertrain & Engine Architecture

The powertrain of the Mercedes-Benz S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic was a sophisticated assembly designed for durability, efficiency, and capable performance. Under the hood resided the venerable OM 603 D 30 A / 603.960 engine, an inline-six-cylinder turbo-diesel powerplant. With a displacement of 2996 cm³ (182.83 cubic inches), this engine was a testament to Mercedes-Benz’s prowess in diesel technology, known for its smooth operation and impressive longevity. The engine delivered a robust 143 horsepower at 4600 revolutions per minute (rpm), a significant output for a diesel engine of its era. More critically for a wagon designed for hauling and long-distance cruising, it produced a substantial 267 Newton-meters (196.93 lb.-ft.) of torque, peaking at a relatively low 2400 rpm. This ample torque provided excellent pulling power and effortless acceleration in everyday driving.

The engine featured a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) valvetrain with two valves per cylinder and utilized a precombustion chamber injection system, a common and reliable method for diesel engines of the period, coupled with a turbocharger to boost power and efficiency. The turbocharger itself was a Garrett unit, providing a noticeable increase in power without compromising the inherent reliability of the diesel engine. Power was transferred through a four-speed automatic transmission, which, while not as complex as modern multi-speed units, was renowned for its smooth shifts and robustness. The transmission was electronically controlled, offering adaptive shift patterns based on driving conditions. The crowning jewel of its drivetrain, however, was the innovative 4MATIC all-wheel-drive system. This intelligent system was designed to drive the rear wheels permanently, engaging the front wheels through an electrically or mechanically operated clutch only when necessary, such as in slippery conditions or during hard acceleration. This provided enhanced traction and stability without compromising fuel economy or driving dynamics under normal circumstances.

Driving Characteristics

The S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic offered a unique driving experience. Compared to the naturally aspirated 300 TD, the turbocharger provided a noticeable boost in acceleration, particularly in the mid-range. While not a sports car, the 143 hp and 197 lb-ft of torque were sufficient to provide confident overtaking and effortless cruising, even with a full load. The four-speed automatic transmission, while lacking the refinement of modern gearboxes, was smooth and predictable. The gear ratios were optimized for fuel efficiency and relaxed highway driving, with a relatively tall final drive. Compared to the manual transmission versions of the 300 TD, the automatic offered a more comfortable and convenient driving experience, but at the expense of some driver engagement. The 4MATIC system provided a secure and planted feel, particularly on slippery surfaces. The all-wheel drive system added weight, but the increased traction more than compensated for this in most driving situations. The overall driving experience was one of refined comfort and confident capability, perfectly suited to long-distance journeys and challenging weather conditions.

Equipment & Trim Levels

The S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic was well-equipped for its time, reflecting its position as a premium model. Standard features included power windows, central locking, power steering, and an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS). The interior was typically upholstered in high-quality cloth, with leather upholstery available as an option. Wood trim was standard on the dashboard and door panels, adding a touch of luxury. Optional extras included a sunroof, automatic climate control, heated seats, and a premium sound system. The instrument cluster featured a comprehensive array of gauges, including a speedometer, tachometer, fuel gauge, coolant temperature gauge, and a clock. The seats were designed for long-distance comfort, with adjustable lumbar support and headrests. The S124 also featured a spacious cargo area, with a split-folding rear seat for added versatility.

Chassis & Braking

The S124 chassis was renowned for its robust construction and excellent ride quality. The front suspension featured independent wishbones, coil springs, and anti-roll bar, while the rear suspension employed an independent multi-link setup, also with coil springs and an anti-roll bar. This sophisticated suspension design provided a remarkable balance of comfort, stability, and precise road manners. The braking system utilized ventilated discs at the front and solid discs at the rear, ensuring confident stopping power for a vehicle of its size and capability. The ABS system prevented wheel lock-up during emergency stops, enhancing braking safety. The steering was a hydraulic power-assisted recirculating ball system, providing a reassuringly weighted and direct feel. The S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic featured a slightly stiffer suspension setup compared to the standard S124 models, to compensate for the added weight of the all-wheel-drive system and the turbo diesel engine.

Market Reception & Comparison

Critics praised the S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic for its blend of luxury, practicality, and all-weather performance. It was seen as a sophisticated and capable vehicle that offered a compelling alternative to traditional luxury sedans and station wagons. Fuel economy was a strong suit, with the diesel engine delivering impressive mileage for a vehicle of its size and capability. Reliability was also highly regarded, with the W124 chassis known for its durability and longevity. Compared to other trims in the S124 lineup, the 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic offered a significant performance advantage over the base 250 TD, while remaining more affordable than the flagship 300 TE. It was also more capable in adverse weather conditions than the rear-wheel-drive models. However, the 4MATIC system added weight and complexity, which slightly impacted fuel economy and maintenance costs. The 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic appealed to buyers who prioritized performance, capability, and all-weather safety.

Technical Specifications

Legacy

The Mercedes-Benz S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic remains a highly regarded classic today. The OM 603 engine is known for its exceptional durability, with many examples exceeding 300,000 miles with proper maintenance. The 4MATIC system, while requiring periodic servicing, is generally reliable. In the used car market, these models command a premium due to their rarity, advanced features, and enduring build quality. They are sought after by enthusiasts who appreciate their unique blend of luxury, practicality, and all-weather capability. The S124 300 TD Turbo 4MATIC Automatic stands as a testament to Mercedes-Benz’s commitment to engineering excellence and a reminder of a time when cars were built to last.