The Volkswagen Golf II, produced from 1983 to 1991, represented a significant evolution of Volkswagen’s iconic hatchback. Within the Golf II range, the 1.6 D (54 hp) Automatic variant, manufactured between 1983 and 1987, occupied the entry-level position, offering economical diesel power coupled with the convenience of an automatic transmission. This model was primarily aimed at buyers prioritizing fuel efficiency and ease of driving over outright performance, particularly in European markets where diesel engines were increasingly popular due to favorable taxation and fuel costs. It was a common sight on city streets and rural roads alike, serving as a practical and reliable family vehicle.
Technical Specifications
| Brand | Volkswagen |
| Model | Golf |
| Generation | Golf II (5-door) |
| Type (Engine) | 1.6 D (54 Hp) Automatic |
| Start of production | 1983 |
| End of production | 1987 |
| Powertrain Architecture | Internal Combustion engine |
| Body type | Hatchback |
| Seats | 5 |
| Doors | 5 |
| Fuel consumption (urban) | 6.9 l/100 km (34.1 US mpg, 40.9 UK mpg, 14.5 km/l) |
| Fuel consumption (extra urban) | 5.3 l/100 km (44.4 US mpg, 53.3 UK mpg, 18.9 km/l) |
| Fuel Type | Diesel |
| Acceleration 0 – 100 km/h | 22.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 62 mph | 22.9 sec |
| Acceleration 0 – 60 mph | 21.8 sec |
| Maximum speed | 143 km/h (88.86 mph) |
| Weight-to-power ratio | 17 kg/Hp, 58.7 Hp/tonne |
| Weight-to-torque ratio | 9.2 kg/Nm, 108.7 Nm/tonne |
| Power | 54 Hp @ 4800 rpm |
| Power per litre | 34 Hp/l |
| Torque | 100 Nm @ 2300 rpm (73.76 lb.-ft. @ 2300 rpm) |
| Engine layout | Front, Transverse |
| Engine Model/Code | JP |
| Engine displacement | 1588 cm3 (96.91 cu. in.) |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Engine configuration | Inline |
| Cylinder Bore | 76.5 mm (3.01 in.) |
| Piston Stroke | 86.4 mm (3.4 in.) |
| Compression ratio | 23:1 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 2 |
| Fuel injection system | Precombustion chamber injection |
| Engine aspiration | Naturally aspirated engine |
| Valvetrain | SOHC |
| Engine oil capacity | 3 l (3.17 US qt | 2.64 UK qt) |
| Coolant capacity | 6.5 l (6.87 US qt | 5.72 UK qt) |
| Kerb Weight | 920 kg (2028.25 lbs.) |
| Max. weight | 1430 kg (3152.61 lbs.) |
| Max load | 510 kg (1124.36 lbs.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – minimum | 345 l (12.18 cu. ft.) |
| Trunk (boot) space – maximum | 1145 l (40.44 cu. ft.) |
| Fuel tank capacity | 55 l (14.53 US gal | 12.1 UK gal) |
| Permitted trailer load with brakes (12%) | 850 kg (1873.93 lbs.) |
| Permitted trailer load without brakes | 480 kg (1058.22 lbs.) |
| Length | 3985 mm (156.89 in.) |
| Width | 1665 mm (65.55 in.) |
| Height | 1415 mm (55.71 in.) |
| Wheelbase | 2475 mm (97.44 in.) |
| Front track | 1413 mm (55.63 in.) |
| Rear (Back) track | 1408 mm (55.43 in.) |
| Front overhang | 810 mm (31.89 in.) |
| Rear overhang | 700 mm (27.56 in.) |
| Ride height (ground clearance) | 120 mm (4.72 in.) |
| Drag coefficient (Cd) | 0.34 |
| Minimum turning circle | 10.5 m (34.45 ft.) |
| Drivetrain Architecture | The Internal combustion engine (ICE) drives the front wheels of the vehicle. |
| Drive wheel | Front wheel drive |
| Number of gears and type of gearbox | 3 gears, automatic transmission |
| Front suspension | Independent type McPherson |
| Rear suspension | Elastic beam |
| Front brakes | Disc |
| Rear brakes | Drum |
| Steering type | Steering rack and pinion |
| Tires size | 155/65 R13 |
| Wheel rims size | 5J x 13 |
Powertrain & Engine Architecture
The heart of the Golf II 1.6 D Automatic was the JP engine, a 1.6-liter inline four-cylinder diesel. This engine utilized a precombustion chamber injection system, a common design for diesel engines of the era. This system involved injecting fuel into a small precombustion chamber connected to the main cylinder, where it was partially ignited before entering the main combustion chamber for complete combustion. This design aided in smoother combustion and reduced engine noise compared to direct injection systems. The engine featured a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) valvetrain operating two valves per cylinder. The three-speed automatic transmission was a relatively simple hydraulic unit, designed for durability and ease of use rather than sporty performance. It was not a particularly sophisticated transmission by modern standards, but it provided a comfortable driving experience for everyday use.
Driving Characteristics
The 1.6 D Automatic Golf II was not known for its blistering acceleration. With only 54 horsepower, the 0-60 mph time hovered around 22 seconds. The automatic transmission further dampened performance, with noticeable delays in downshifting and a limited number of gear ratios. However, the engine delivered a respectable amount of torque for its size, making it reasonably capable for everyday driving and hauling passengers. The gear ratios were optimized for fuel economy rather than speed, resulting in a relaxed cruising experience. Compared to the more powerful GTI models or even the 1.8-liter gasoline versions, the 1.6 D Automatic felt significantly slower, but it offered a smoother and more effortless driving experience in city traffic.
Equipment & Trim Levels
The 1.6 D Automatic trim level was generally considered the base model. Standard features typically included cloth upholstery, basic instrumentation, and manual windows and door locks. Power steering was often an optional extra, as was a sunroof. The interior was functional and durable, prioritizing practicality over luxury. The dashboard layout was straightforward, with clearly labeled controls. Optional extras could include upgraded audio systems and different wheel covers.
Chassis & Braking
The Golf II featured an independent McPherson strut front suspension and a torsion beam rear suspension. This setup provided a good balance of ride comfort and handling. The front brakes were disc brakes, while the rear brakes were drum brakes – a cost-saving measure common on base models. The steering was a rack and pinion system, offering reasonably precise steering feel. The 155/65 R13 tires provided adequate grip for everyday driving conditions.
Market Reception & Comparison
The Golf II 1.6 D Automatic was well-received by buyers seeking an economical and practical hatchback. Critics praised its fuel efficiency and ease of driving, but noted its lack of performance. Compared to the gasoline-powered Golf II models, the diesel version offered significantly better fuel economy, but at the expense of acceleration and refinement. The automatic transmission was seen as a convenience feature, but it also contributed to the car’s sluggish performance. Against competitors like the Ford Escort and Opel Kadett, the Golf II offered a well-rounded package with a reputation for reliability.
Legacy
The Volkswagen Golf II 1.6 D Automatic, while not a performance icon, remains a popular classic car among enthusiasts. The JP diesel engine is known for its durability and relatively simple maintenance requirements. However, age and mileage can lead to issues with fuel injection components and general wear and tear. Today, these cars are often sought after by those looking for a classic Volkswagen experience or a project car. The combination of a diesel engine and automatic transmission makes it a unique and relatively rare variant within the Golf II lineup, adding to its appeal among collectors.
